ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development)

The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is a theoretical framework that describes the difference between what learners can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance and support. Developed by Lev Vygotsky, the ZPD emphasizes the importance of social interaction and collaboration in learning. In language education, teachers use the ZPD to design instruction that provides appropriate challenges and support, helping students progress to higher levels of proficiency. Scaffolding strategies, such as guided practice, feedback, and collaborative learning, are essential for maximizing the benefits of the ZPD in the classroom.