IRF (Initiation-Response-Feedback)

The Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) model is a common pattern of classroom interaction where the teacher initiates a dialogue (e.g., asks a question), a student responds, and the teacher provides feedback. This model is widely used in language teaching to structure classroom discourse, check understanding, and guide learners toward correct language use. While IRF helps maintain classroom control and provides immediate feedback, it is important to balance it with more open-ended, communicative activities that encourage spontaneous language use.