Tesl Language

Bilingual Education versus English Only Models Over the years, many debates have arisen in regards to second language instruction (L2), giving prominence to two main models: English Only versus Bilingual Education. English Only uses solely English as the medium for instruction, whereas Bilingual Education, as its name implies, uses both English and the student’s native language. While there are several aspects to the debate, this paper will briefly cover a certain few: cultural sensitivity, accuracy, and segregation. Proponents of the English Only model claim that the use of a student’s native language creates a “cycle of native language dependency,” meaning that the student, to some extent, gets “tethered” to his native tongue. Using solely English in the classroom, advocates...  [Read more]

Foreign Language Experience I come from a country, which is with high cultural values and great diversity. There are different languages spoken and different customs and traditions followed all over India. When I was in school, which was English medium school, we had Marathi and Hindi as our second language, Hindi was introduced from grade 3 and Marathi from grade 4, both these languages have almost similar script but there is a difference in the way we speak the language thus the difference in these two languages. It was easy for me to learn to read and write Hindi. It was very difficult for me to learn Marathi, my struggle worsened as my mother too was not able to help me as being from south of India she had never heard or spoke Marathi .It was compulsory in school to score same amount...  [Read more]

Peculiarities of the English Language The English language was created in England. Throughout history, this language has spread to many parts of the world. It is used as a link language for International business and diplomacy. According to Madhukar N. Gate, it has taken thousands of words from other languages such as French, Latin, German, Greek and so on. We can even find Sanskrit words in English. For example: Guru and Pundit are two Sanskrit words used in English. English grammar is quite simple, in many languages nouns have grammatical gender which makes some verbs and adjectives change. This doesn’t happen in English. The adjective “big” is used with all nouns such as man, woman, child, book etc, as well as applying to both singular and plural nouns. Counting large numbers in...  [Read more]

TESL is a term commonly used in the USA, Australia and Canada to describe the act of teaching English to non native speakers in countries where English is the official language. It is also used to refer to the same teaching situation in areas where English is commonly spoken but not necessarily the official language. This type of teaching situation is often centred on migrants and refugees who need to learn the English language as a means of integrating into their new environment. To service this section of the English language industry there are numerous government and charity based programs available in many English speaking countries. For example, the USA has many programs available to the large numbers of migrant workers who come to the country from Mexico and other Latin American...  [Read more]

This test is used extensively by English speaking universities, colleges, private sector businesses and government agencies as a method of assessing proficiency in the English language. Traditionally the test has been available in both paper based and online based formats, however, the paper tests are gradually being phased out as availability of the internet increases around the world. The test is divided into four separate sections, each covering one of the main language skills, i.e., speaking, writing, reading and listening. The student is then awarded an overall score ranging from 0 to 120, with a maximum of 30 points awarded for each language category in the online version of the test. This test does not set a specific pass mark so any organisation that uses it as an assessment of a...  [Read more]

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Suggests that language is learnt orally, by imitation, repetition and rewards. (see B.F Skinner for a more general description) The theory makes use of the general idea that any learning makes use of imitation and habit formation. One of the best examples of a behaviorist teaching method is Audio Lingualism.  [Read more]

Aims to copy the way we learn our first language, through full immersion in the target language. It assumes this idea is valid. The Direct Method is also known as the Natural Method, as it attempts to replicate the way we learn our first language in the belief that this should also work for additional languages.  [Read more]

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Computer Aided Language Learning With the advent of the internet and its increasing importance in the classroom, Computer Aided Language Learning, or CALL, has become a viable and useful source for both teachers and students. CALL first became prevalent in US classrooms in the late 1070’s. Since its introduction it has gone from a primitive, structured Q&A program, to full-fledged language programs such as Rosetta stone. Although programs like Rosetta Stone have experienced success, many experts believe that CALL should be used to augment rather than replace face-to-face learning environments. This was one of the big questions facing ESL teachers in the late 90s, how to integrate CALL and its resulting technological concerns successfully into the classroom. Such things as whether an...  [Read more]

English as a Global Language In the last few months that I have been traveling, it has become even more apparent to me how important it is to be able to speak English to interact in the world today. Many of the people that I have been talking with over the last few months have not been native English speakers. And it became very clear to me that if they had not learned English, I would not be able to communicate with them, they have to learn a second language to be able to broaden their opportunities for travel, work, and general communication with people from other countries. As a native English speaker, you take this for granted. And as a result, many native English speakers only speak the one language. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, the British economic predominance in the...  [Read more]

Difference between formal and non-formal language Formal language is English language that is formal in nature, ie it is grammatically correct, clearly spoken and polite. It is used when the listener or reader is an important person or if the subject matter is of an important nature. An example of formal english can be found in a courtroom, a news broadcast or on a legal document. Informal language, on the other hand is not necessarily formal or clearly spoken and is used when the listener or reader is a person with whom the speaker or writer is familiar, such as a friend or family member.(1) According to Dean Noble(2), formal language tends to be used in certain social settings. A scene such as a birthday party or a business conference. The social setting has a bearing on the level of...  [Read more]

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EFL is a term used in reference to studying or using the English language in areas of the world where English is not an official or widely used language. EFL is increasingly being taught in many countries worldwide as part of the state school curriculum. However, for many people around the world the study of EFL has to be privately funded and accessed through English language schools or individual tutors. Another sector where the study and use of EFL is particularly prevalent is within the international business community. As a large amount of cross border business communication is conducted using the English language, many companies who operate on an international scale require their employees to attend in house or external EFL training.  [Read more]

ESL is a term that is commonly used in the USA, Australia and Canada. It is used in reference to non native English speakers who use or study English in countries where it is the most commonly used language. It is also used to refer to the same situation in regions where the official language is English but other languages are more prevalent, such as former British colonial countries. This category of English language study and usage is often centred on migrant populations who choose to move to an English speaking country (as well as refugees who have fled from their own country) and need to use English outside of their own ethnic communities.  [Read more]

In countries where British based English is taught and spoken, ELT is used as an umbrella term that covers all teaching situations that are defined under the acronyms TEFL and TESOL. This usage corresponds directly to the way TESOL is used in American based English. As English Language Teaching (ELT) is rather a generic term it is not unusual to find it used in many other situations. For example, it is sometimes used by large companies to refer to their language training departments or by publishing companies to refer to their language division.  [Read more]

Inductive learning uses many examples for learners to generate rules from the patterns seen, as opposed to the other way round which is ‘deductive’. Linked to the idea of a facilitator rather than didactic teaching. The students make use of their current knowledge and apply that to new situations to develop the rules of language.  [Read more]

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This refers to an association of European organisations who are involved in the assessment and certification of language learners in a variety of languages across the continent. The main focus of the association is to provide an effective framework that will allow employers and employees to compare the levels of language qualifications awarded in different countries. The development of the association and its framework has been largely due to the increased migration of workers between European countries brought about by the widespread easing of border controls within the region. The association continues to grow and currently represents 27 different languages from all over Europe.  [Read more]

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